Paint vehicle for anhydrous pigments



WILLIAM N. BLAKEMAN, JR., 0E MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK.

PAINT VEHICLE FOR ANHYDROUS PIGMENTS.

No Drawing.

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Be it known that I, lVILLIAM N. BLAKE- MAN, J12, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of Mount Vernon, in the county of lVestchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Paint Vehicle for Anhydrous Pigments, which invention is fully set forth in the fol,- lowing specification.

The object of this invention is to impart drying properties to all semi-drying and non-drying animal, vegetable and marine animal oils, (including in the latter class those of both ichthyous and cetaceous origin), without splitting or cracking their constituent molecules, or otherwise disturbing the glycerids, by any artificial or initial accelerating chemical reaction; so that such oils as now found on the market in their raw or refined commercial condition will dry in a rapid and satisfactory manner, and thus be available for use in the arts for many purposes for which they are not now adapted, and, in particular, as vehicles forpaints.

By means of my invention, all of the semidrying and non-drying oils, either singly or combined, are made to dry satisfactorily, and those which fall within the economical scope of my invention, are of the marine animal oils, fish, menhaden, seal, whale, porpoise, shark, and the like; and, of the vegetable oils, cotton seed, soja bean, sunflower seed, corn, and the like.

The marine animal oils are all now regarded as semi-drying oils, but they only thicken with greater facility than the vegetable non-drying oils without showing a repellent surface. I have discovered, however, that the drying-oil known as tung-oil exerts a remarkable action upon these marine animal oils, so that, when mixed therewith, a very satisfactory drying composition will be produced, and, when thus mixed, they may be built up into more economical mixtures by the addition, in various proportions, of the vegetable nOn drying-Oils, the ultimate compositions showing the same satisfactory drying characteristics, which are specially marked when the oil is ground with anhydrous pigments or anhydrous impalpable matter.

If, for example, menhaden oil, carrying 15 per cent. of tung oil, properly blended, be spread on a plain surface, it will firm or dry in from six to eight hours, and in a little less time if the usual proportion of Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 19, .1921. Application filed June 12, 1917. Serial No; 174,257. r

turpentine Japan drier be added; and when 80 parts of this vehicle is ground with 100 parts of an anhydrous pigment, such as zinclead, the composition will firm or dry in from two to three hours, depending upon climatic conditions, andsubsequently indurate into a permanent film repellent to the elements. With the same proportions for whale oil and seal oil. as vehicles, similar reactions will be obtained, but the firming and indurating will consume a little more time.

The term zinc lead, as used above, isintended to designate a class of pigments which have been on the market for many years, and. are now well-known in the trade by that name. They are all composed of zinc oxid and lead sulfate in varying'proportions, the one which I prefer consisting, approximately, of per cent. zinc oxide and 40 per cent. lead sulfate.

By retaining this proportion (15 per cent.) of tung oil, as a constant, and decreasing the associated proportion of menhaden or other marine animal oil, between 15 percent. and

25 per cent, mixtures can be made with all of the non-drying fatty oils, imparting to them dryingcharacteristics in a very marked degree. Thus, for example, if 15 per cent. of menhaden or whale oil and 15 per cent of tung oil be mixed with soja bean oil, and 80 parts of this vehicle ground with 100 parts of an anhydrous pigment, such as zinc lead, and the usual quantity of commercial liquid drier, this composition will firm or dry in from three to three and a half hours. Increasing the percentage of marine animal oil to 20 or 25 per cent, will reduce the time of firming to about two hours, according to climatic conditions; the resulting film, in

either case, exhibiting very fine repellent surface.

From an economical standpoint, cottonseed oil is the most important of the vegetable non-drying fatty oils, and this oil,

when mixed with marine animal oil and tung oil, responds with great facility to the drying reaction, especially when ground with anhydrous pigments. Thus, if 15 per cent. of tung oil and 20 to 25 per cent. of menhaden oil be mixed with cottonseed oil, 80

parts of this vehicle, when ground with an anhydrous pigment, such as 150 parts of barytes (natural) and 30 parts Zinc lead and the usual turpentine drier, will firm or dry in 2% hours, and indurate into a peratives, or fractions, such as the stearins,

precipitates and residuals of the various fatty oils; the precipitates, residuals and semi-solid fractions of the hydrocarbons, such as naphthalene, paratlin wax, and st llends; or the animal and vegetable waxes may be adder- These substances, if added to the oil-vehicle inthe proportion of from onehalf of one percent. to two per cent. will be found to act as repellent'agents and rena der the paint film more repellent to the ele ments and abrasive influences.

The remarkable behavior of tung oil in the presence of the marine animal oils, which I have discovered, is not exhibited or even approached by any other oil. Even linseed oil, which stands at the head of its. class as a drying oil, fails to'exert any such important action when thus compounded. notwithstanding that investigation has shown that linseed oil absorbs in a given time much more oxygen than tung oil.

Hydrogenated oil maybe added to the ve-- hicle, if desired, and, used in small proportions, will be found to increase the repellent effect. An oil which has been hydrogenated to a thickened condition only, or of about the consistency of chilled honey or heavy sugar syrup, will give the best results. Thus, 80 parts of cottonseed oil carrying 15 per cent. tung oil, '20 per cent. menhaden oil, and either 10 per cent of hydrogenated cottonseed oil or 5 per cent. of hydrogenated oil, when ground with an anhydrous pigment such as 150 parts barytes (natural) and parts Zinc lead, and the'usual quantity of liquid drier, will firm or dry in from 1% to hours and indurate to a very beautiful repellent surface.

' Any of the commercial liquid driers may be used in the usual proportions, provided they are free from unoxidizable matter. All

the oil factors'in the oil-vehicle must, for the best eifects,be water free.

The paint compound made with the vehicle herein described is claimed in another oil and tung oil in their untreated commer-;

cial condition. 7

d. A paint-vehicle comprising menhaden oil, vegetable non-drying fatty oil, and tung oil, in their untreated commercial condition.

5. A paint-vehicle comprising marine animal oil, tung oil and cottonseed oil, in their untreated commercial condition.

(5. A. paint-vehicle comprising menhaden oil, tung oil, and cottonseed oil, in their untreated commercial condition.

7. A paint-vehicle comprising marine animal oil, and tung oil, in their untreated commercial condition, and a repellent agent.

8. A paint-vehicle comprising marine animal oil, tung oil, and vegetable non-drying fatty oil, in their untreated commercial condition, and a repellent agent.

WVM. N. BLAKEMAN, JR. 

